Author’s note: This article shows how to derive circuit gain equations via a signal flow graph. With practice you may be able to write a gain equation by locating signal paths and loops in the ...

Some applications require a positive voltage to be generated from a negative input voltage. This can be done either by using a transformer based topology, such as a flyback converter, or with a ...

Electronic circuit designs often require power sources with negative output voltages. There are many different ways of producing a negative output voltage from a positive input voltage. One option is ...