The pH of the culture medium is a critical process parameter in cell culture bioprocesses. To successfully transfer processes between bioprocess systems and sites (i.e., in the course of process ...

Although substantial advances in electronic sensors consisting of electronic components including conductors, semiconductors, and dielectrics have been achieved, there remains a technical challenge ...

The University of Glasgow has created a pH sensor for soil testing that can be composted at the end of its life. It is an impedance-based sensor, using screen-printed interdigitated carbon-based ...

Other noncontact magnetism-based sensors go beyond potentiometric sensors using resistance-based track-and-wiper techniques. However, they still require that a shaft be attached to the sensor’s ...

Capacitive proximity sensors allow sensing of metal and non-metal objects through insulating materials such as wood or plastic and are often used to sense fill levels of liquids or powders. New lower ...